# Mongolia – Aimags, Soums, Towns & Population

> Source: https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/

Country · East Asia 

# Mongolia

Монгол Улс

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia between Russia to the north and China to the south. It had an estimated **3,279,403 people** in 2021, across 1,564,877 km². Mongolia is divided into 22 aimags and 339 soums; each has its own page here.

- 3,279,403people (2021)
- 1,564,877km²
- 22aimags
- 5,505mapped services

## How many people live in Mongolia?

Mongolia had an estimated **3,279,403 people** in 2021. There are 1,033 women for every 1,000 men. Spread over 1,564,877 km², that is about **2 people per km²**.

32.1% of people are children under 15 and 4.2% are 65 or older; the median age is about 28 years. For every 100 people of working age (15–64) there are 57 children and older people.

0–4 ****409,529**

5–9 ****361,522**

10–14 ****282,130**

15–19 ****216,673**

20–24 ****229,596**

25–29 ****255,574**

30–34 ****294,488**

35–39 ****248,413**

40–44 ****222,756**

45–49 ****200,528**

50–54 ****171,042**

55–59 ****145,700**

60–64 ****103,557**

65–69 ****58,672**

70+ ****79,232**

Source: [National Statistics Office of Mongolia - Mongolian Statistical information service via OCHA HDX, population 2021 (COD-PS, CC BY-IGO)](https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ps-mng).

## Aimags of Mongolia

Aimag People per km² Area km² Soums Services 

[Ulaanbaatar](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/ulaanbaatar/) 1,581,666 334 4,736 9 3,220 

[Khovsgol Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/khovsgol/) 134,282 1 101,045 23 139 

[Ovorkhangai Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/ovorkhangai/) 116,935 2 62,871 19 128 

[Selenge Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/selenge/) 105,852 3 41,504 17 82 

[Bayan-Olgii Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/bayan-olgii/) 103,003 2 45,754 13 128 

[Darkhan-Uul Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/darkhan-uul/) 101,059 31 3,264 4 178 

[Orkhon Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/orkhon/) 99,990 119 841 2 200 

[Arxangai Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/arxangai/) 95,276 2 55,288 19 231 

[To'v Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/to-v/) 89,605 1 73,986 27 145 

[Bayankhongor Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/bayankhongor/) 88,834 1 115,563 20 57 

[Khovd Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/khovd/) 88,738 1 76,060 17 80 

[Uvs Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/uvs/) 79,857 1 69,625 19 122 

[Dornod Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/dornod/) 78,069 1 123,524 14 90 

[Hentii Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/hentii/) 74,263 1 80,744 18 98 

[Zavkhan Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/zavkhan/) 70,244 1 82,559 24 76 

[Dornogovi Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/dornogovi/) 64,870 1 109,402 14 65 

[Omnogovi Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/omnogovi/) 63,356 0 165,162 15 74 

[Sukhbaatar Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/sukhbaatar/) 61,668 1 82,320 13 73 

[Bulgan Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/bulgan/) 61,005 1 48,695 16 66 

[Govi-Altai Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/govi-altai/) 56,908 0 141,704 18 128 

[Dundgovi Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/dundgovi/) 45,746 1 74,691 15 88 

[Govisumber Aimag](https://wherepedia.org/mongolia/govisumber/) 18,177 3 5,540 3 37 

Source: [National Statistical Office of Mongolia via OCHA HDX, administrative boundaries (COD-AB, CC BY-IGO)](https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ab-mng); [National Statistics Office of Mongolia - Mongolian Statistical information service via OCHA HDX, population 2021 (COD-PS, CC BY-IGO)](https://data.humdata.org/dataset/cod-ps-mng).

## Largest towns in Mongolia

- Ulan Bator844,818
- Erdenet97,814
- Darhan83,883
- Choibalsan44,835
- Nalayh39,579
- Mörön39,404
- Bayanhongor30,931
- Ulaangom30,092
- Khovd29,800
- Arvayheer29,420
- Ölgii28,400
- Bogd27,924
- Dalandzadgad24,863
- Sühbaatar22,741
- Undurkhaan22,741

Source: [GeoNames (CC BY 4.0) — settlements, natural and historic features](https://www.geonames.org/).

Populations as recorded in GeoNames, which may be older than the estimates above.

## Landscape and landmarks of Mongolia

Named natural and historic features inside Mongolia, from the GeoNames gazetteer.

### Water

609 rivers and streams; 438 lakes.

- A-erh-su-pa-ken-kao-le
- Abata Tologoy
- Abdaranta Bulag
- Achimag Nuur
- Achit Nuur
- Adagiin Gol
- Adgiyn Tsagaan Nuur
- Aduuch Salaa
- Adzragïn Gol
- Agarïn Gol
- Agutsa
- Ahain Gol
- Aji Nuur
- Ak Su
- Ak-Kokum
- Alag Nuur
- Alan Nuur
- Altata Gol
- Amagalantayn Gol
- Aman Nuur
- Amanii Nuur
- Angartayn Nuur
- Angirt Gol
- Angogrtey Gol

…and 1,023 more.

### Coast and islands

4 islands.

- Ak Bashi
- Akbash Aral
- Dalayn Hüy Aral
- Tsagaan Eregiyn Aral

### Hills and mountains

906 mountains; 211 hills; 124 mountain passes; 17 valleys; 4 glaciers; 1 peak.

- Youyi Feng · 4,314 m
- Otgon Tenger Uul · 3,901 m
- Alyöksandrïn Mösön Gol · 3,756 m
- Tu-hsin-wu-la · 3,628 m
- Mönh Tsast Uul · 3,619 m
- Burhan Buuday Uul · 3,557 m
- Möst Uul · 3,491 m
- Myangan Yamaat · 3,453 m
- Alag Hayrhan Uul · 3,406 m
- Arshaanta Davaa · 3,366 m
- Prokhod Argamdzhi · 3,332 m
- Potanin Glacier · 3,324 m
- Shiveet Khairkhan Uul · 3,281 m
- A-erh-shan-t’u-ta-fan · 3,276 m
- Hara Chuluutayn Salaata Uula · 3,265 m
- Büürgeteyn Uula · 3,253 m
- Tung-ho-ko-erh · 3,249 m
- Tsast Bogd · 3,233 m
- Türgen Uula · 3,227 m
- Üsügen Uul · 3,225 m
- Ger Asahanii Uula · 3,217 m
- Hüyten Salaa Uul · 3,207 m
- Granyögiyn Mösön Gol · 3,198 m
- Ulaan Davaa · 3,191 m

…and 1,239 more.

### Forests and nature

4 forests.

- Aman Usnï Dzag
- Aman Usnï Gants Mod
- Hanïn Gants Mod
- Tujiyn Nars

### History

36 ruins; 6 ancient sites; 1 museum.

- Akh Töbei
- Aral Tolgoi
- Ersiyn Tuurĭ
- Halhïn Sümiyn Tuurĭ
- Har Deliyn Tuurĭ
- Har Horin
- Haragchingiyn Tuurĭ
- Hashaatïn Tuurĭ
- Huldïn Tuurĭ
- Ih Aylïn Tuurĭ
- Khar Chuluut
- Khargiin Khödöö
- Looroyn Tuurĭ
- Rashaantïn Tuurĭ
- Razvaliny Alagiyn-Sumiyn Tur’
- Sary Böktep
- Shaft Genghis Khan
- Shaft Genghis_ Khan
- Shaft Genghis Khan
- Shaft Genghis Khan _
- Shaft Genghis Khan 1
- Shaft Genghis Khan 2
- Shaft Genghis Khan _
- Shaft Genghis Khan_

…and 19 more.

### Getting around

25 airports; 21 railway stations; 12 airfields; 1 railway halt.

- 27-р км Station
- Altai Airport
- Amgalan Railway Station
- Arshaant station
- Arvaikheer Airport
- Arvayheer North Airfield
- Bagakhangai station
- Baganuur Station
- Baruun Urt Airport
- Baruunturuun Sum
- Bayan station
- Bayanbuural
- Bayankhongor Airport
- Belendalai Station
- Binder Airport
- Bulgan Airport
- Bulgan Airport, Khovd
- Bumbat station
- Buyant station
- Buyant-Ukhaa International Airport
- Choibalsan Airport
- Dadal Airport
- Dalanzadgad Airport
- Darkhan station

…and 35 more.

Source: [GeoNames (CC BY 4.0) — settlements, natural and historic features](https://www.geonames.org/).

Places of worship are not listed. Elevations are from the GeoNames terrain model and are approximate.

## Hospitals, banks and other services in Mongolia

Places mapped inside Mongolia in open map data, by type.

- Hospitals429
- Banks561
- ATMs73
- Petrol pumps498
- Hotels902
- Shopping malls111
- Schools473
- Colleges and universities185
- Cinemas31
- Pharmacies740
- Restaurants1,273
- Police stations77
- Dental clinics152

Source: [Overture Maps places (CDLA-Permissive-2.0) and © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL)](https://overturemaps.org/).

Coverage depends on what has been mapped; contact details are not shown.

## Mongolia in history

The 11th edition of the *Encyclopaedia Britannica* (1911) described Mongolia as follows. Its wording reflects its time; spellings are as printed.

> MONGOLIA, a vast territory belonging to the Chinese empire, the administrative limits of which cannot be determined with precision. On the N. it is bounded by the frontier of Russia, beginning at Mount Kalas or Kanas (49° 5′ N., 87° 40′ E.) in the Altai, and running to the S.E. corner of Transbaikalia in the vicinity of Dalai-nor, thus having on the N. the Siberian provinces of Tomsk, Yeniseisk, Irkutsk and Transbaikalia. In the E. the boundary line which separates Mongolia from Manchuria runs past Dalai-nor and Lake Buir, crossing the Great Khingan in 47° 30′ N., towards Tsitsihar in Manchuria; then, crossing the Nonni river, it strikes the Sungari at Khulan-chen, where it turns westwards up this river, reaching the Shara-muren river in 123° 30′ E. From China proper on the S. Mongolia is separated by a line running in a south-westward direction up the Shara-muren and across the Mongolian plateau to the bending of the Hwang-ho or Yellow river in about 40° N. and 110° 30′ E. Thence the boundary describes a sinuous line, following the Great Wall, and thus includes the Ordos (Ho-tau) and Alashañ (Si-tao), and reaches its most southern point in 36° 40′ N., 104° 20′ E. Thence it turns north-west, following the Great Wall for over 300 m.; it then crosses the plateau so as to separate Mongolia from the Chinese province of Sin-Kiang (Hañ-su-sin-tsiang, which includes the Nan-shan highlands and eastern Turkestan), and from Dzungaria, reaching the Chinese or Ektagh Altai in 46° 30′ N., 92° 50′ E. From that point the boundary coincides with the main water-parting of the Altai Mountains till it reaches Mount Kalas. Geographically, Mongolia may thus be said to occupy both terraces of the great plateau of east Asia, which stretches in the south of Siberia, between the Sailughem range of the Great Altai and the Great Khingan—with the exception of the Dzungarian depression.

Source: [Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th edition (1911) — public domain; transcription via Wikisource](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica).

Boundaries in 1901 may differ from today's; sentences describing castes or communities are omitted.

## Quick answers

- What is the population of Mongolia?3,279,403 (2021 estimate)
- What is the median age in Mongolia?About 28 years (2021 estimate)
- What is the population density of Mongolia?About 2 people per km²
- What is the largest town in Mongolia?Ulan Bator
- What is the highest point in Mongolia?Youyi Feng (4,314 m, GeoNames elevation model)
- How many hospitals are in Mongolia?429 mapped
- How many banks are in Mongolia?561 mapped
- How many ATMs are in Mongolia?73 mapped
- How many petrol pumps are in Mongolia?498 mapped
- How many aimags does Mongolia have?22